同学们除了要掌握课本上介绍过的几种“倒装”情况外,以下几种“倒装”结构也是“倒装”的重要组成部分,大家仍需一一甄别,烂熟于心。
整个谓语置于主语之前(此时的谓语通常都是单个形式,不借助助动词),叫完全倒装;常把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,叫部分倒装。
以下情况常用倒装句:
1. 作地点状语的介词短语位于句首时。
On the top of the mountain stood an old temple.
山顶上有一座古庙。
2. 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首时。
“Oh, yes, my pass,” said Lenin.
“噢,是的,我的通行证,”列宁说。
注意: 主语是代词时不倒装。例如, “Sorry, but I didn’t know,” he answered. 3. so... that, such... that中的so, such位于句首时。
So happy was Jim that he couldn’t help dancing.
吉姆高兴得手舞足蹈。
4. 在“形容词(名词/动词)+ as /though”的让步状语从句中。
Pretty as she is, she is not polite.
她尽管漂亮,但不懂礼貌。
Child as he is, he’s won the world championship.
他虽然还是个孩子,却已经是世界冠军了。
Lose as I might, I’ll have a try.
尽管我可能输,但还是要尽力一搏。
注意: 名词前用零冠词(见第二例)。
5. 在省略if的虚拟条件句中,将were, had移于主语前时。
Were I you, I would try my fortune in Hollywood.(=If I were you, ...)
我要是你,就会去好莱坞碰碰运气。
Had you studied harder(=If you had ...), you would have entered Peking University.
