高考英语听力测试主要是考查学生理解口头英语的能力,确切地说,就是要求考生能够听懂日常生活中简短而地道的会话和独白;能从简单的文段中区分事实与观点;能听懂各种故事中人物和行为的发展和结果;能听懂他人委婉的建议、忠告和推荐;能听懂交谈中他人的观点、态度和爱好;也能对会话的背景以及说话者之间的关系做出正确的推断。 考点 1 数字记录与计算 主要考查的知识点:①基数词、序数词、分数、百分数。②价格、比例。③年代、日期、时刻。④路程、距离。⑤具体的编号数,如街道、楼层、房间、电话号码、航班等。 复习重点:①要掌握时间的几种表达法:half past six,a quarter to two,nine twenty,after before,early late,delay等。②以 teen结尾的数词与以 ty结尾的数词的读音和意义的辨别。③辨清以 th结尾的序数词与其对应的基数词,如:sixth six。④快速记录多个数字,并用加、减、乘、除计算一些数据;熟悉计算题中常出现的表达法:half,double,twice,one third,percent,a pair dozen score,dollar,pound,cent,penny, 10 each for3 tickets,ata30% discount(打七折),one third off the normal price(打七折),more than,less than。 【例1】W :How much is the red skirt? M:These skirt sells for six dollars each,but it’s 10 if you buy two. Q:How much does the woman have to pay if she wants to buy just one? A. 3. B. 6. C. 10. 【答案】B 考点 2 判断地点和方位 主要考查的知识点:①对话中涉及几个地点,并根据地点提问。②对话中没有出现具体的地点名称,要求考生根据对话中出现的显示特定场所的词来猜测说话人在什么地方谈话。③事物之间的地理位置及方位关系。 复习重点:①熟悉特定的场景用语和关键词,如:餐馆(restaurant)用语:menu,bill,order,tip,hamburger,sandwich,soup,dish,beer,soft drink,book a table(预定桌位),dessert(甜点),delicious等;宾馆(hotel)用语:luggage,single room,double room,room number,room key,check in,check out等;医院(hospital)用语:take medicine,temperature,pill,headache,fever,blood pressure等;邮局(post office)用语:mail,post,deliver,stamp,envelope,package,airmail,telegram 等;机场(airport)用语:flight,take off,land,luggage,delay等;火车站(railway station)用语:round trip,single trip,sleeper等;商店(store)用语:on sale,size,color,price,change(零钱)等;学校 (school)用 语:professor,exam,course,dining hall,playground 等;图 书 馆 (library)用语:librarian,magazine,library card,fine,renew 等。银行(in the bank)用语:cash,check,open an account,saving,withdraw,interest,draw out等。②熟悉方位的词语和表达方法,如:in the east of,to the east of,on the east of。 【例2】M:What size do you wear? W :An eleven. M:Oh,you are lucky. I have just the right size in store. Here it is. Why don’t you try it on? Q:Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a shoe factory. B. At the man’s home. C. In a clothing store. 【答案】C 考点 3 判断人物及其关系 常见的人物之间的关系有:doctor- patient waiter waitress- customer secretary- boss shop assistant- customer driver- policeman teacher professor- student husband- wife receptionist- tourist lawyer- client salesperson- customer colleague friends classmates 复习重点:①能根据对话内容和情景来确定说话者从事的职业和彼此之间的关系。②善于抓住与说话者身份或职业相关的词。如材料中出现 term exam,就有可能有 teacher professor出现,或者人物间有 teacher professor- student的关系;对话中提到 buy change,就该有 salesman或 salesgirl;夫妻对话会用 dear darling;父母对孩子说话可能会有 listen等词。③对话中涉及多人,则要理清人与人之间的关系。 【例3】M:Hello,Mary,this is Dam Morrison. I’m calling to see whether Tom feels better today. W :Oh,hello,Prof. Morrison. He feels much better now. The doctor said he will be able to go back to school tomorrow. Q:What’s the relationship between Dam Morrison and Tom? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Colleague. 【答案】A 考点 4 细节把握及指令辨认 对话中为了说明主旨和要义,需要一些具体的信息加以辅佐或补充说明。因此,在考查中除了时间、地点、人物关系等之外,还会考查对一些细节的分辨和对主旨的把握。这类题目要求在把握主线的前提下,能捕捉到有用的信息。 复习重点:①细节性的信息多,做题难度较大,应首先浏览题干和选项,做到心中有数,在听的过程中做到有的放矢。②做指令性题型应善于速记,可用“→”表方向,用字母代单词等一些速记符号对听到的内容做好记录。③如果是独白,要学会利用选择项预测文章的内容。④一定要听好第一句和最后一句。 【例4】W :Could you tell me how to get to the post office? M:Go westward along the street,then turn to the left and walk for three minutes,you are sure to find it on your right. Q:Which direction does the post office face? A. It faces east. B. It faces south. C. It faces west. 【答案】A 考点 5 推理、判断和归纳 任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的,但说话者的态度看法及独白中的主旨有时则比较隐蔽,需要自己去推测、判断和归纳。 复习重点:①能判断说话者的观点和弦外之音。②注意说话者用语气、语调的变化来表现对某人、某事或对另一言行的好恶、赞成与否等情绪变化。③说话者的建议、决定或打算等行为。④弄清事情的因果关系。⑤归纳时要把双方谈话的内容联系起来考虑,注意对话的完整性。 【例5】M:Did you watch the midnight film last night? W :Yes,I watched part of it. M:I really liked it. I thought it was really exciting. W :Exciting?I fell asleep during the film . Q:How did the woman feel about the film? A. Enjoyable. B. Inspiring. C. Dull. 【答案】C