1) 现在完成时的构成:have / has + v-ing
2)现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以be和see为例):
主 语 |
肯 定 式 |
否 定 式 |
疑 问 式 |
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 |
I /We/You/ They have been here before. He/ She has been here before. .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film. |
I /We/You/ They haven’t been here before. He/ She hasn’t been here before . .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven’t seen the film. |
Have you/ they been here before? Has he/ she been here before? Have you/ they/ many people seen the film? |
现在完成时
1) 现在完成时的构成:have / has + v-ing
2)现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以be和see为例):
在完成时的用法:
1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如:
She has never read this novel.他从未读过这本小说.(他对小说的内容不了解)
2、表示 "过去的动作"一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:
I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.
注:在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词,应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如:
He has died for 3 years.(F)
He has been dead for 3 years.(T)
注意:①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如:in 1998, last morning等
②have/has been to 表示"去过"(去了又回来了)
have/has gone to 表示"去过"(去了没回来了)
如:Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在)
Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)
例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!
--How long ______ he ______ a fever?
--- Ever since last night.
A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have
解析:此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,去掉答案D。因为是段时间, 所以不能用短暂行动词,get和catch 都是短暂行动词。 因此选B.
My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?
A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank
解析:碗是空的了,这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。 "谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.
3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______?
A. Didn't seen; did, go B. didn't see; have, gone C. haven't seen; have, been D. haven't seen; have gone
解析:for+段时间一般预先在完成时连用。"你去哪儿了? "(在这段时间你不在)应选C。
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